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The Types, Causes,
and Treatments for Hernia
When organs protrude through internal tissue walls in the body
then this is known as a hernia. This is all caused when there is a
higher pressure level internally that presses on weakened membrane
walls. When this protrusion occurs, internal swelling of the
organs occurs as too. When the person does heavy weight lifting or
even coughs the swelling increases. Even normal activities like
urinating or having a bowel movement will cause further
complications. Lying down will cause the protrusion to retreat
unless it is a case of extreme hernia.
Additional causes of hernia besides weakness in internal body
walls include weakened conditions because of injuries, internal
lesions, being overweight, multiple pregnancies, and not
exercising. Pathogenic organisms forming around an area where
surgery was performed is another cause. This is why it is so
important the surgeon perform proper suturing of the area just
operated on. Then there are more causes that are directly related
to increased pressure internal to the body. These include major
constipation, lifting weights, chronic and persistent cough, and a
blockage in the urethra.
While a person can suffer a hernia injury from anywhere
internally, there are locations where it occurs more often. The
chest wall is the least likely area susceptible to hernia because
it is covered by bone. The back is actually strong due to the
spinal chord and strong ligaments and muscles. The most commonly
occurring place for a hernia to occur is in the wall of the
abdomen. This is because the abdomen wall is not as strong due to
openings that occur naturally within it. Plus, there are thinner
parts in the abdominal muscles making these areas susceptible to
hernia.
Inguinal hernia is one type of abdominal hernia that occurs in an
area known as the inguinal canal. The inguinal canal is located
above the inguinal ligament in the lower abdominal wall. Males are
the most common group where this type of hernia occurs. It starts
out with swelling that occurs in the abdominal wall if straining.
Lying down will relieve the swelling. Where it gets more serious
is when the large intestine protrudes and only retracts with
difficulty.
Another type of hernia known as the incisional hernia commonly
occurs around areas that were operated on (and thus required an
incision). This area is weakened either due to the sutures or the
pathogenic organisms that infect the area because of improper
suturing.
A type of hernia that occurs rarely is the lumbar hernia. It
occurs in what is known as the lumbar triangle on one or the other
side of the lumbar spine.
The femoral hernia occurs more often in women. The femoral canal
lies between the lower abdominal wall in what is known as the
femoral triangle. It is just under the junction that forms between
the lower abdominal wall and thigh. Swelling underneath the skin
forms when the contents pass through the saphenous opening of the
thigh.
An umbilical hernia usually occurs in children. The protrusion of
the abdomen’s internals is seen as swelling during the periods
when the child is having a bowel movement or crying. The risk of
hernia is higher here because this is the part of the abdomen that
is weaker.
Other types of hernia are the epigastric hernia occurring in an
area known as the epigastrium and the obturator hernia. Both are
rare types of hernia. The latter occurs when contents pass through
an area in the pelvic bone known as the obturator foramen.
And there are other complications as the result of hernia. One
such complication is known as intestinal obstruction. What happens
in this type of hernia is the intestine will protrude into what is
known as the hernial sac. The resulting narrow orifice caused by
this type of hernia will block the bowel passageway.
Another complication is known as strangulation. When abdominal
contents of a narrow intestine protrude, they may not retract.
This inability for easy retraction results in restricted blood
flow to the herniated tissues and can cause those tissues to die.
When this strangulation causes death of intestinal tissues,
peritonitis occurs as the infection spreads in the abdomen.
In treating hernia, one first will try using the hernia belt.
There are different types of hernia belts that can be used for
each of the different types of the injury. The idea behind the
hernia belt is to reduce pain and keep protrusions from happening.
Other treatments include 1) reducing fat to strengthen the
abdominal wall, 2) eliminating constipation, 3) eliminating
chronic cough, 4) increasing muscle tone through abdominal
exercises, and 4) elimination of urinary tract blockages.
Other treatments that can be effective on hernia include a diet
that is filled with green, leafy vegetables and plenty of fruits.
This allows for easier bowel movements that cause less stress on
the hernia. Alternative treatments such as homeopathy and herbal
medicine can be used also.
If no relief of hernia can be realized after trying the above
treatments then surgical treatment may be required. One surgery is
known as the herniorrhaphy where reparations to the posterior wall
take place. Another surgery is the hertniotomy. Both are used to
make repairs to the posterior wall. And the last type of operation
is what is known as a hernioplasty and is used when a hertniotomy
cannot be performed.
Original Article
Source:
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